A concept for using the spent external tank from a National Space Transportation System (NSTS) to derive a lunar habitat is described. The external tank is carried into low Earth orbit (LEO) where the oxygen tank-intertank subassembly is separated from the hydrogen tank, berthed to Space Station Freedom and the subassembly outfitted as a 12-person lunar habitat using extravehicular activity (EVA) and intravehicular activity (IVA). A single launch of the NSTS orbiter can place the external tank in LEO, provide orbiter astronauts for disassembly of the external tank, and transport the required subsystem hardware for outfitting the lunar habitat. An estimate of the astronauts’ EVA and IVA is provided. The liquid oxygen-intertank modifications utilize existing structures and openings for man access without compromising the structural integrity of the tank. The modifications include installation of living quarters, instrumentation, and an air lock. Feasibility studies include micrometeoroid and radiation protection, thermal control, environmental control and life support, and propulsion. The converted hmar habitat is designed for unmanned transport and autonomous soft-landing on the lunar surface without need for site preparation.
meteoroid shield containing lunar regolith.
radiator erected. Lunar lander is shown in background.
Image credit: NASA
Image source: NASA NTRS
